Thieds to john a



(No Model.)

T. WILLARD'.

BooK AND GOAL DRILL.y N0. 323,007. Patented July 28,1885.

N. PETERS, Phwlilhogmphar, Wnlhingnn. D4 C.

UNTTED STATES 4ATnNT rricn.

THOMAS 'VV'ILLARD, OF VVOODVILLE,y PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF TWO- THIRDS TO JOHN A. HARTZ AND ENOOH P. HOLLAND, OF SAME PLACE.

ROCK AND COAL DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 323,007, dated July 28, 1885.

Application tiled November 20, 1884. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS WILLARD, of oodvilla (Collier township,) in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Rock and Coal Drills; and I do hereby declare the following'to be a full, clear, and eXact description thereof.

My invention relates to the drills employed IO in mines and quarries for drilling for blasting purposes; and it has special reference to the drills employed in mines for ore and coal, its object being to provide a light, eflicient, and

durable drill, one which is not 4too heavy to be carried by the miner, and which, if left in the mine, will have its principal parts protected from rust, as well as todo away with the frames heretofore generally employed with these mining-drills, and provide a drill which 2O can be employed close to the floor, roof, or walls of the mine.

It has special reference to that class of drills in which the screw-shaft is inelosed Within a tube, the end of which fits against the walls 2 5 of the mine or other support, and so supports the drill, as shown in patent to J. H. Ferguson, March 29, 1881, No. 239,324. It also relates to certain improvements in the feeding mechanism,whereby the feeding-nut, through 3o which the screw-shaft passes, may be rotated in the same direction, but at a less speed than the screw-shaft, thus obtaining a much slower feed relative to the speed of the drill than can be obtained when the nut is stationary, in-order to apply the advantages of the apparatus shown in patent to J. North, December 24, 1872, No. 134,305, in connection with light hand-drills. The special features of my improvements will be particularly set forth in 4o the specification and claims.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will describe its construction and operation, referring to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a face view of my improved drill, illustrating its use where it is supported by the shoe at the end thereof. Fig. 2 is a side view illustrating its use Where it is' supported by an adjustable claw. Figs. 3 and 4 5o are longitudinal central sections through the 'screw-shaft at right angles to each other. Fig.

5 is a longitudinal section of the partible nut and bevel-pinion for rotating it. Fig. 6 is a back view of the operating bevel-wheels, and Fig. 7 isa view of the adjustable claw.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in each.

The drill is formed generally of the screwshaft c, the inclosing-tube b, the rotating nut c, and bevel-gear for rotating the shaft c and nut c. The screw-shaft is provided with a heavy thread extending from one end to the other, the shaft being generally tapped with four threads to the inch in these rock and coal drills, and this heavy thread being stronger and less liable to injury than the usual thread of ten threads to the inch generally employed on the screw-shafts of coal-drills. At one end of the shaft a is the socket c to receive the bit a2, which is held therein by a set-screw. The screw-shaft is inelosed in the tube b, which is of sufficient length to receive the shaft, thus inclosing it and protecting it from injury from blows and at the same time preventing contact of the sulphur-water dripping from the walls or lying in pools in the mine with the threads p of the shaft. As this sulphur-water might enter through the end of the tube, I have filled the tube with oil, thus surrounding the screw-shaft with a fluid which will protect it from the water and prevent its rusting, and at the same time keep it lubricated for use. The oil is retained within the tube by the Washer b2, tting tightly around the screW shaft at the base of the enlargement b of the tube. The screw-shaft has a keyway, d', extending from end to end, and tting around the shaft is the bevel-pinion d having a key or feather, d, fitting in the keyway d. This pinion d is journaled in one arm, e, of the frame @,said frame having the arm c?, provided" with a sleeve tting around the tube b and secured thereto by the set-screw e3.

Fitting around and engaging with the screw-- shaft within the frame e is the nut o, which is preferably made partible so that it may be opened and allow of the sliding of the screwshaft through it, thus permitting of the rapid adjustment of the drill to the proper length for drilling purposes. The nut cis secured to thebevel-pinionf,which fits around the screwshaft, and, when partible, the two parts or IOO halves of the nut are hinged or pivoted to the annular ring f of the pinion, Vthe hinge-lugs of the nut tting in the recesses in said ring, which thus forms a support around the screwshaft for the partible nut. lIhe twoparts or halves of the nut are held in engagement with the screw-shaft by the enlargement or extension b of the tube b, which fits around the nut against the ring f of the pinion, the base of the nut pressing against the washer b2. The nut is opened, to allow of the sliding of the screw-shaft through it, by loosening the setscrew e3 and sliding the frame e along the tube and shaft until the extension vb is drawn off the nut, as shown in Fig. 3, and when the drill is adjusted to place, the nut is closed, the frame drawn down until the extension bpasses over the nut, and the parts secured in position by the set-screw. Both the pinion d and the pinion f are rotated, the pinion d at a greater speed than the pinion f, according to the feed desired, as it is evident that where the shaft and the nut around the shaft are rotated in the same direction the feed depends on the relative speeds of the shaft and nut. Power is applied to these pinions cZ f through the combined bevel-pinion h,mounted on the shaft i, journaled in the frame e, the shaft being rotated by the handle k. The combined bevelpinion is formed in two parts, the main portion Z being rigidly` secured to the shaft Z and having two geared or toothed faces, Z Z2, which mesh with the pinion f according to the relative speed at which it is to be rotated, and the concave face min the center of the pinion within which the pinion f rests when yit is desired to give the screw-shaft its full feed of an inch on every four revolutions, as in drilling clay, the nut and its pinion 4o f being then held from turning by a set-screw passing through the extension b and holding the nut. Fitting around this pinion Z is the pinion n, which meshes with the pinion cZ, the pinion n being formed of an annular ring having an inner ange, s, fitting back ofthe geared face Z of the pinion Z, and held in place by the plate 19, secured on the -back of the pinion Z, thus forming an annular seat for the pinion n.

In the flange s are one or more slots or seats, s,with which the pawl s2 on the pinion n engages, this pawl being controlled by a setscrew, so that the pinions Z and n may rotate together, or when the pawl s2 is withdrawn the pinion Zrotate'separately,-the purpose being to provide means for rapidly advancing or withdrawing the screw-shaft and bit by turn- 'ing the nut c around the screw-shaftwhile the shaft is not rotated, the shaft being withdrawn when the nut is turned to the right, and being advanced when the nut is turned to the left,the weight of the shaft and its friction on the walls of the hole drilled holding it from turning.

To support the drill and take the thrust in drilling, the tube is provided with the shoe o', which is rigidly secured thereto, and has the beveled face r', so that it may obtain a strong 'a post or other support in the mine.

hold on the iioor or side walls of the mine or against the post, wagon, or other support employed to take the thrust. As in drilling along the side walls of the mine and in other positions it is sometimes impossible to support the drill by the shoe r, I have employed a claw, t, for use in such positions, thefclaw having three or more fingers and being adapted to catch upon an object at the side of the'tube, as, for example, within a groove cut in' the wall of the mine, as shown in Fig. 2, or against The claw t is secured to the ltube b by means of the set-screw t.

'Ihe voperation of the drill is as follows: Vhen it is desired to employ the drill in a position where it can be supported by theVv shoe r at the end of the inclosing-tube b, the partible nutv c is opened and the screw-shaft a drawn out until the bit is drawn in contact with the rock or coal to be drilled. The nut is then closed upon the screwshaft and slipped into the extension b of the tube b, and the frame e secured to the tube by the set-screw e3 when the drill is in position for use. Instead of opening the nut, the pinions Z and n may be disengaged, and the screw-shaft will be advanced rapidly by turning the pinions Z and f to the left, thus screwing out the shaft. In drilling, the pinions Z and n being con'- nected by the pawl s, the operator turns the handle to the right, and through the pinions n and cZ he rotatesthe screw-shaft, causing it to advance at the rate of one-fourth inch on each revolution where the nut c is not rotated. As, however, the pinion Z meshes with and rotates the pinion-f, and the nut c secured theretoin the same direction as the screw-shaft, the screw-shaft is only advanced in proportion to the relative speeds of the shaft and the nut, so that I obtain the advantageof a rapidly-rotating and slowly-advancing drill, and at the same time employ a screwshaft having a heavy and strong thread. The feed of the drill depends, in the apparatus shown, upon the gear-face Z or Z2, with which the pinion f engages, the gear-face Z having a greater number of teeth and consequently rotating the pinion and nut at a greater speed relative to that of the shaft. In the drill, in use, the pinion (Z and shaft a rotate twentythree times while the pinion fand nut c are rotated nineteen times by the gear-face Z', it thus requiring twenty-three revolutions of the shaft to gain the four threads necessary to feed the shaft forward one inch, and the pinion d and screw-shaft rotate ten times while the pinion f and nut are rotated six times by the gear-face Z2, thus requiring ten revolutions of the shaft to gain the four threads necessary to feed it forward one inch. The former feed roo rio

maybe employed for drilling hard rock and y i ore, while the latter is suitable for drilling coal. After-the hole is drilled to its full ISO withdrawn at a speed of four revolutions to the inch. He can also withdraw it by drawing back the bit a short distance bymeans of the gearing and then loosening the set-screw e3 and sliding the frame on the tube until the partible nut can be opened, when he can slide the screw-shaft back into the tube.

The pinion f may be Caused to mesh with either gear-face Z or Z2, or be placed in the space m in the center of the wheel, so that it remains stationary, by opening the partible nut drawing the screw-shaft out of the tube, and, after placing the pinion in the position desired, replacing the screw-shaft.

The shoe r supporting the drill may be placed against the door, wall, roof, any post, or even against the coal-car when in a convenient position.

If the shoe cannot be conveniently used to support the drill,the claw t may be employed, its fingers holding within aslot in the wall or any other support to take the thrust.

The drill may be employed at any angle and as close as desired to the iloor or walls, as illustrated in the drawings.

' The claw t is found advantageous in drilling deeper holes than the length of the screwshaft allows, as it may be secured close to the frame e and the hole drilled part way, andthe drill thenwithdrawn and the tube pushed forward through the claw, which is secured close to the other end, and the drilling continued. This is of great advantage' in tunnelino".

I am thus enabled to provide a hand-operscrew-shafts from the injurious effects of the vsulphur-water of the mines, so that it could remain in the mine for six months without iujury. I also keep the screw-shaft constantly lubricated, and so prevent wear.

I am aware that partible nuts have heretofore been employed with rock-drills, and hence do not claim the same, broadly; vbut these partible nuts were hinged at the side, and hence required a separate support from the screw-shaft, whereas by hinging the nut at the end I am enabled to support it on the screw-shaft, and it is more easily opened to allow the sliding of the screw-shaft.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In combination with the drill and screwshaft and the inclosing-tube, the partible nut hinged at its end to its support around the shaft, and means for holding it in engagement with the shaft.

2. In combination with the drill and screwshaft, the partible nut c and the tube b, having the extension b fitting around the nut, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In combination with the drill and screwshaft, the support b, the sliding frame e, having a collar fitting around said support and secured thereto by a set-screw or equivalent device, partible nut c, engaging with the shaft within the frame, and the extension b on said support tting around said nut, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In combination with the drill and screw shaft, the support b, having the extension b', the frame c, adjustably secured to said support and carrying the pinion Z, and the pinion f and partible nut c hinged thereto and engaging with the screw-shaft within the frame, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. t

5. The combination of the drill and screwshaft, the support b, having the extension b', frame e, adjustably secured to the support and carrying the pinion d keyed to the screwshaft, pinion f, carrying the partible nut c, engaging with the screw-shaft, combined powerpinion h, mounted in the frame and formed of the pinionZ and ring-pinion u around it, and means for connecting the two pinions, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

6. In combination with the drill and screwshaft, the-pinion d, keyed thereto,'the pinion f, carrying the nut engaging with the shaft, the combined pinion h, having the ring-piuion n meshing with the pinion d, and the pinion Z, having two gear-faces, Z Z2, to mesh with the pinion f according to the feed desired, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I, the said THoMAs WILLARD, have hereunto set my hand.

THOMAS VILLARD.

Witnesses:

E. P. HOLLAND, JAMES I. KAY.

IOO 

